Iconologia
Cesare Ripa's Iconologia, the standard handbook of allegorical personifications, issued at Perugia in 1764 by Piergiovanni Costantini with commentary by Cesare Orlandi, drawn by Carlo Spiridione Mariotti and engraved by Carlo Grandi for artists, poets and emblem designers. Each small etched plate sets one draped figure with her attributes in a sparse landscape above a scrolled cartouche, giving designers cut-out figures, symbolic props and ornamental ground lines.
