La nao Santa María : memória de la Comisión Arqueológica Ejecutiva, 1892
A report of Spain's Comisión Arqueológica Ejecutiva, published in Madrid in 1892, setting out the evidence used to reconstruct Columbus's Santa María for the fourth centenary, with drawings by marine painter Rafael Monleón and technical studies by Cesáreo Fernández Duro. The plates are pen-and-ink studies of late-medieval carracks and caravels — cross-hatched hulls, bellying sails, pennants, gulls and rising-sun roundels — copied in part from early charts and woodcuts, giving designers ready line-art ship motifs, rigging detail and circular vignette framing.
