The American journal of the medical sciences (1827)
[Thorofare, N.J., etc.] Charles B. Slack [etc.] · leaf 337
ceased. Two fingers being introduced and the ex- ploration not being satisfactory, for but little could be learned, the incision was extended until it was 5^ inches long, of which 2 inches were to the left of the linea alba. A large nickle- plated tongue spatula made a capital retractor, holding… … was slightly curved from side to side, and the handle was hollow with a rubber tube slipped over its end. The idea Dr. Keen had in mind was to depress the intestine with it and at the same time slip it under the gall-bladder, where it would serve as a conduit to carry off its contents and prevent…
Medicine
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