Appleton's cyclopædia of drawing, designed as a textbook for the mechanic, architect, engineer, and surveyor (1866)
Worthen, William Ezra, 1819-1897, [from old catalog] ed, Appleton, firm, publishers, New York. (1866. D. Appleton & co.) [from old catalog] · New York, D. Appleton and company · leaf 330
support the flooring-boards and ceilingof a room are called the naked flooring. The simplest form of flooring, and the one usually adopted in the con-struction of city houses and stores is represented in plan and section, fig.21. It consists of a single series of beams or deep joists, reaching… … of short pieces of joists about 2x4, crossing each other, and nailed se-curely to the toj) and bottoms of the several beams, represented by a andh in fig. 21, and whereever a flue occurs, or a stairway or well-hole pre-vents one or more joists from resting on the Avail, a trimmer or header^ II,is…
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