Architectural engineering. With special reference to high building construction, including many examples of Chicago office buildings (1895)
Freitag, Joseph Kendall · New York, J. Wiley & sons; [etc., etc.] · leaf 133
by means ofbolts passing through the horizontal flanges of cast columns,even if the workmanship be considered accurate. Theworkmanship, however, can seldom, if ever, be reliedupon as perfect; the bolts never completely fill theirholes, and shims are constantly employed to plumb thecolumns. These… … 7 f Fig. 70. / COL UMNS. 115 cially for cases of eccentric loading and the irregular plac-ing of beams. To offset these dangers of weak design it is true thatcast columns are cheaper per pound and perhaps easier oferection than the steel—considerations that naturally havemuch weight with the owner…
Building, Iron and steel
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