A manual of dyeing: for the use of practical dyers, manufacturers, students, and all interested in the art of dyeing (1919)
Knecht, Edmund, 1861-1925, Loewenthal, Richard, Rawson, Christopher · London : C. Griffin · leaf 348
cop is effected in two different ways. Accordingto the first of these, each cop is stuck on to a hollow perforated taperingspindle or skewer, the lower extremity of which is in turn inserted in aperforated plate or cylinder. When all the apertures in the plate or cylinderare filled, the dye-liquor… … Fig. 88.—Section of cylinder with cops attached in Pornitzs cop-dyeing machine. together as possible in a box, the intervening spaces being filled with cottonwaste, sand, or ground cork. The dye-liquor is then circulated throughthe box by a suitable contrivance. One of the first of these cop-dyeing…
Dyes and dyeing
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