Skinner, Frank W. (Frank Woodward), 1858-1932 · New York, McGraw · leaf 301
the top by the transverse girders and sway-bracing of the elevated railroad, and, in some instances, of thefootwalks and bicycle paths, which are carried by the two insiderows of columns. Longitudinally the columns are braced toform alternate towers and open panels, except where the heightis… … APPROACHES 285 3|- X 3|-in. angles with double latticing on the sides, and haveextended caps on which the transverse and longitudinal girdersare seated. The unbraced columns have longitudinal and trans-verse kneebraces with solid-web plates at the top, and areheavily reinforced for flexure strains.…
Bridges
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