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Adjustments of engineering instruments and field problems in surveying (1905)

Prouty, Edward N[athan] 1868- [from old catalog] · Oakland, Cal., Press of Daily gazette] · leaf 11

An illustration from Adjustments of engineering instruments and field problems in surveying, 1905, leaf 11
ths, always having the bubble in the center of thebubble-tube whenever a reading is taken. Since A and Bare equally distant from the instrument, all errors due tomaladjustment as well as effects of curvature of the earthand refraction are eliminated in subtracting the rod read-ings to determine the… … a distance BD equal to one-tenth AB. (Any proportion 8 would do, of course, but one-tenth is a convenient ratio touse, as will appear). Level the instrument carefully andread the rod held on B. Provided there were no curvatureof the earth or refraction to consider, the difference inelevation of A…

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