Rudiments of the art of building : represented in five sections [...] for the use of architects, builders, draghtsmen, machinists, engineers and mechanics (1853)
Bullock, John · New York : Stringer & Townsend · leaf 57
with the abutments, as shown by the lines ah, c d. Equalstrength with the same amount of material will be obtainedby building a number of thin longitudinal and cross walls, asshown in fig. 2Y, by which means, the earth being kept from Fig. 27. … the back of the walls, there is no tendency to failure of thiskind. 81. Vaulting.—The ordinary forms of vaults may beclassed under three heads, viz., cylindrical, coved, and groined. A cylindrical vault is simply a semicircular arch, the endsof which are closed by upright walls, as shown in fig.…
Building
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