Appletons' cyclopaedia of applied mechanics: a dictionary of mechanical engineering and the mechanical arts (1880)
D. Appleton and Company, Benjamin, Park, 1849-1922 · New York, D. Appleton · leaf 688
chains complete thecoupling apparatus. At the extremities of each car are two buffers, which consist of cast-iron cas-ings holding spiral or rubber springs, against which the outside heads of the buffers press. The running gear consists of two or three axles with outside journals. The jaws of the… … means of short knuckle-jointed links. The springs, especially those of the first-class passenger cars,are of great length. Car-axle boxes are usually made in two parts, upper and lower, which are boltedtogether. The bearings are of composition, and are separate as in American boxes. Boxes forliquid…
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